| Abstract | Alge su široka skupina fotosintetskih autotrofnih organizama nalik na biljke, ali bez korijena, lišća ili cvjetova. Osim što su najveći proizvoĊaĉi kisika, pokazatelji su stanja okoliša, proĉišćivaĉi voda, ali i predmet razliĉitih istraživanja. Pokazuju širok spektar bioaktivnosti (kao što su anti-age, antimikrobna, protuupalna i antidijabetiĉna aktivnost). S obzirom da alge žive u ekstremnim uvjetima, morale su razvijati mehanizme obrane, a organohalogeni spojevi u morskim algama imaju važnu ulogu u preživljavanju. Crvena boja tih algi dolazi od pigmenta fikoeritrina koji im omogućuje fotosintezu u tami. Crvene alge sadrže terpene s citotoksiĉnim djelovanjem, a strukturna raznolikost halogeniranih monoterpena je važan faktor inteziteta razliĉitih bioaktivnosti. U analiziranoj algi Asparagopsis taxiformis glavni halogenirani ugljikovodici bili su tribrommetan i dibromjodmetan. U radu su se za ekstrakciju vršnih para uzorka koristile dvije metode: a) mikroekstrakcija vršnih para na ĉvrstoj fazi (HS-SPME) gdje je zastupljenost tribrommetana bila 53,57%, odnosno 69,79%, a dibromjodmetana 11,78%, odnosno 14.22% i b) izravna statiĉka analiza vršnih para (HS) koristeći automatski sustav s postotkom tribrommetana 64,46% i dibromjodmetana 15,30%. Korištena je i hidrodestilacija u modificiranoj Clevenger aparaturi, a u isparljivom ulju zastupljenost glavnog spoja tribrommetana bila je 76,58% uz dibromjodmetan 13,39%. Organska analiza izoliranih isparljivih spojeva provedena je vezanim sustavom plinske kromatografije i spektrometrije masa (eng. gas chromatography amd mass spectrometry, GC-MS). |
| Abstract (english) | Algae are a broad group of photosynthetic autotrophic organisms resembling plants, but without roots, leaves or flowers. In addition to being the largest producer of oxygen, they are the indicators of the state of the environment, water purifiers, but also the subject of various research. They exhibit a wide range of bioactivities such as anti-age, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic. Since algae live in extreme conditions, defense mechanisms have to be developed, and organohalogen compounds in marine algae play an important role in survival. The red color of these algae originates from the pigment ficoeritrine, which enables photosynthesis in the dark. Red algae are the main source of terpenes with cytotoxic activity, and the structural diversity of halogenated monoterpenes is an important factor for the bioactivity intensity. In the analyzed alga Asparagopsis taxiformis the main halogenated hydrocarbons were tribromomethane and dibromoiodomethane. In this work, two methods were used for the extraction of headspace compounds: a) headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with the abundance of tribromomethane 53.57%, rescpetivly 69.79% and dibromoiodomethane with 11.78%, respectivly 14.22% and direct headspace static analysis (HS) using an automatic system with the percentages of tribromomethane 64.46% and dibromoiodomethane 15.30%. Hydrodistillation was also used in the modified Clevenger apparatus and the volatile oil contained the main compound tribromomethane (76.58%) along with dibromoiodomethane (13.39%). The organic analysis was carried out by a gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) |
