| Abstract | Alge čine raznoliku skupinu organizama te predstavljaju bogati izvor spojeva. U ovom radu je dan pregled istraživanja isparljivih organskih spojeva dviju smeđih morskih makroalga iz porodice Dictyotaceae: Padina pavonica i Dictyopteris polypodioides. Isparljivi spojevi identificirani u kemijskim profilima odabranih vrsta alga pripadaju različitim grupama organskih spojeva među kojima se mogu istaknuti C 8 - spojevi, spojevi sa sumporom, viši alifatski alkoholi, terpeni, esteri, C 11 -ugljikovodici, masne kiseline i aromatski spojevi. Pregledom literature glavni isparljivi spojevi identificirani u kromatografskim profilima alge P. pavonica su oktan-1-ol, oktanal, dimetil-sulfid, trans-fitol, pačidiktol A, (Z)-oktadec-9-en-1-ol, heksadekan-1-ol, (Z,Z)-oktadeka-3,13-dien-1-ol, di-(2-etilheksil)-ftalat, benzil-acetat, benzil-formijat te palmitinska kiselina. Kod alge D. polypodioides glavni identificirani isparljivi spojevi su diktiopteren A, diktioptren B, diktiopteren C, diktiopteren D', undec-1-en-3-on, tribrommetan, 3-heksil-4,5- ditiacikloheptanon i albikanol. Za izolaciju isparljivih organskih spojeva najčešće je korištena hidrodestilacija (HD), a navedene su i druge metode kao što su istovremena destilacija-ekstrakcija (SDE), mikroekstrakcija vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME), superkritična ekstrakcija fluidima (SFE) i hidrodestilacija potpomognuta usmjerenim mikrovalovima (FMA-HD). Svi izolati isparljivih spojeva odabranih vrsta makroalga analizirani su uglavnom primjenom plinske kromatografije-spektrometrije masa (GC-MS). Unutar iste vrste morskih makroalga uočene su razlike u kemijskom sastavu isparljivih organskih spojeva što se može pripisati primijenjonoj metodi izolacije, kao i genetskim čimbenicima populacije ili različitim uvjetima u morskim staništima. |
| Abstract (english) | Algae form a diverse group of organisms and represent rich source of compounds. This study represents rieview on studies of volatile organic compounds of two brown seaweeds from the family Dictyotaceae: Padina pavonica and Dictyopteris polypodioides. Volatile organic compounds identified in chemical profiles of selected species of algae belong to different groups of organic compounds among which C 8 - compounds, sulphur compounds, higher aliphatic alcohols, terpenes, esters, C 11 - hydrocarbons, fatty acids and aromatic compounds can be highlighted. According to literature the main compounds identified in chromatographic profiles of alga P. pavonica were octan-1-ol, octanal, dimethyl sulfide, trans-phytol, pachydictol A, (Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol, hexadecan-1-ol, (Z,Z)-octadeca-3,13-dien-1-ol, di-2-(ethylhexyl)- phthalate, benzyl acetate, benzyl formate and palmitic acid. The main volatile compounds identified in the alga D. polypodioides are dictyopterene A, dictyopterene B, dictyopterene C, dictyopterene D', undec-1- en-3-on, tribromomethane, 3-hexyl-4,5-dithiacycloheptanone and albicanol. The most commonly used method for isolation of volatile organic compounds was hydrodistillation (HD), and also other methods were reported such as simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE), headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and focused microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (FMA- HD). The exctracts of volatile organic compounds of selected algal species were analysed mainly by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Differences in chemical composition of volatile organic compounds were observed within the same species of seaweeds, which can be atribbuted to extraction method used, genetical factors of the populations or to different conditions of the habitats |
